Bolsonaro has been detained after authorities determined he posed a concrete flight risk while under house arrest.
The former head of state was convicted of orchestrating a military coup in the ninth month and sentenced more than a 27-year term in prison, but he continued under confinement pending court reviews.
High Court Judge the presiding justice said the move to detain the elderly politician was a safety action after "new facts" were revealed.
This encompassed trying to remove his electronic bracelet and a call for a supporters' gathering that could facilitate a possible escape.
In a filing authorising the custody, the judge said data from the unit overseeing Bolsonaro's house arrest suggested the one-time head of state's plan to remove the tracking monitor to guarantee victory in his escape.
This, it said, would be assisted by the chaos caused by the demonstration called by his offspring.
His offspring, Flávio Bolsonaro, who works as a congressional representative, called for a gathering of his followers near his father's house to take place on the weekend.
The senator wrote on social media on Friday: "Are you going to fight for your homeland, or observe everything from your smartphone there on your sofa? I invite you to struggle with us."
He said the gathering would be so backers could "pray for his physical condition and for the return of democracy in our land."
Part of Justice Moraes's ruling was the chance of the former president's transfer to embassies near the dwelling, considering that the probes revealed a record of planning to request asylum through a diplomatic representation", a announcement said.
The court filing underscores that the American diplomatic mission in the capital, Brazil's capital, is positioned around approximately 13 kilometers from the former president's residence.
His judicial problems have provoked anger from fellow conservative nationalist United States President Trump, prompting him to implement a 50% tariff on Brazilian product imports.
He is being kept in a national police facility in Brasilia and will undergo a custody hearing on the following day.
It was only on Friday that the ex-leader's attorneys asked the High Court to authorize him to serve his whole jail sentence under home confinement, with tracking devices.
They also asked that he be permitted to leave his home for medical care, saying he needed regular treatment for pulmonary infections and other health problems.
He was convicted of heading a plot aimed at keeping him in power after he was defeated in the 2022 election to his left-wing rival, Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva.
Top judicial officials said that he knew of a scheme which encompassed plans to murder his opponent and his VP candidate, Geraldo Alckmin, and to arrest and execute Justice Moraes - the High Court judge who has been overseeing the former president's case.
The plot was thwarted because it couldn't obtain the support of the military leaders. His successor was sworn in without issue on 1 January 2023.
But a seven days after, on January 8th, numerous his backers attacked and damaged government buildings in the national capital, Brasília.
The police intervened and around approximately 1,500 persons were arrested.
The judges found that the rioters had been incited by the former president whose plan, they said, was for the national armed forces to step in, bring back stability and bring him back to power.
At the period, his attorneys called the over 27-year sentence extremely harsh.
He was also prohibited from seeking elected position until the year 2060 - eight years after the conclusion of his imprisonment.
The one-time head of state called the legal proceedings a political persecution and said it was intended to stop him competing in the 2026 presidential election.
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